Yoke Thé Puppet Prince Min Thar & Revolutionary General Aung San 15 Kyats Myanmar Authentic Banknote Money for Collage (Burma) (Marionette)
Yoke Thé Puppet Prince Min Thar & Revolutionary General Aung San 15 Kyats Myanmar Authentic Banknote Money for Collage (Burma) (Marionette)
Yoke Thé Puppet Prince Min Thar & Revolutionary General Aung San 15 Kyats Myanmar Authentic Banknote Money for Jewelry and Collage (Burma) (Marionette)
Reverse: Seated prince Min Thar (a wooden marionette puppet character used in Burmese Yoke thé theatre)
Lettering: FIFTEEN KYATS
UNION OF BURMA BURMA
Obverse: Bogyoke (Major General) Aung San, born Htein Lin (1915-1947)
Lettering: ပြည်ထောင်စုမြန်မာနိုင်ငံဘဏ်
တစ်ဆယ့်ငါးကျပ်
Translation: Union of Burma Bank, Fifteen Kyats
Watermark: General Aun Sang
Note from Wikipedia: On 10 November 1985, 75-kyats notes were introduced, the odd denomination possibly chosen because of dictator general Ne Win's predilection for numerology; the 75-kyats note was supposedly introduced to commemorate his 75th birthday. It was followed by the introduction of 15- and 35- kyats notes on 1 August 1986.
Features
Issuer Myanmar
Period Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1974-1988)
Type Standard banknote
Year 1986
Value 15 Kyats (15 BUK)
Currency Union of Burma - Third kyat (1952-1989)
Composition Paper
Size 149 × 71 mm
Shape Rectangular
Number N# 208252
References P# 62
Wikipedia:
Yoke thé (Burmese: ရုပ်သေး; MLCTS: rupse:, IPA: [joʊʔ θé], literally "miniatures") is the Burmese name for marionette puppetry. Although the term can be used for marionettery in general, its usage usually refers to the local form of string puppetry. Like most of Burmese refined art, yoke thé performances originated from royal patronage and were gradually adapted for the wider populace. Yoke thé are almost always performed in the form of Burmese operas.
Burmese marionettes are very intricate and their use requires dexterous skills, as they employ 18 or 19 wires for male and female characters respectively, and each puppet is controlled by only one puppeteer.
History
The probable date of the origin of Burmese marionettes is given as around 1780, during the reign of Singu Min, and their introduction is credited to the Minister of Royal Entertainment, U Thaw. From their inception, marionettes enjoyed great popularity in the courts of the Konbaung dynasty. Little has changed since the creation of the art by U Thaw, and the set of characters developed by him is still in use today. Until the conquest of Upper Burma by the British in late 1885 during the Third Anglo-Burmese War, yoke thé troupes thrived under royal patronage.
A Burmese marionette troupe has 27 character figures.
Nat votaress (နတ်ကတော်ရုပ်, Nat Kadaw) – two figures
Horse (မြင်း,Myin) – one figure
Elephant (ဆင်, Hsin) – two figures (one white, one black)
Tiger (ကျား, Kyar) – one figure
Monkey (Myauk) – one figure
Parrot (Thalika) – two figures
Alchemist (ဇော်ဂျီ, Zawgyi) – one figure
Minister (Wungyi) – four figures
King (Mintayar gyi) – one figure
Prince (မင်းသား, Minthar) – one figure
Princess (မင်းသမီး, Minthami) – one figure
Prince Regent (Uparaja or Ain-shei-Minthar) – two figures (one white-faced, one red-faced)
Brahmin (ပုဏ္ဏား, Ponenar) – one figure
Hermit (Yathei) – one figure
Nat (နတ်, Nat) – one figure
Deva (Maha Deiwa) – one figure
Old man (Apho-O) – one figure
Old woman (Aphwa-O) – one figure
Buffoon (Lu phyet) – two figures
Music
A traditional Burmese orchestra known as a hsaing waing usually provides the music. The puppeteers themselves often provide the voices of the characters.
Political role
The Burmese court was concerned with preserving the dignity of its members, and marionettes were often used to preserve the esteem of persons who had erred. The king could reprimand his children or his wife in this way by asking the puppeteers to put on a parable warning errant children or careless wives about their reckless ways. While the reprimand would be obvious to anyone who was in the know, it would largely pass unheeded by the people looking on, something that had a great deal of value in a court that could, and did, contain hundreds of people.
Burmese marionettes also served as a conduit between the ruler and his subjects. Many times, people would ask the puppeteers to mention a current event or warning to the ruler in a veiled fashion. Thus, information or popular discontent could be passed on without any disrespect, as marionettes could say things that a human could be punished for with death.
Decline and revival
Yoke thé troupes, like most artisans in pre-colonial Burma alongside the Sangha, enjoyed great royal patronage. However, like most forms of traditional arts, patronage vanished upon the colonisation of Upper Burma by the British in November 1885, following the Third Anglo-Burmese War.
In the late 1990s, General Khin Nyunt of the ruling junta lent official support to marionette actors and troupes, thus reviving a rapidly dying tradition. Nowadays, marionettes are very common as tourist attractions and also amongst the populace, and they have resumed their role of relatively safe political satire reflecting popular discontent.
Also, a new genre of yoke thé is emerging, where a character and a real life actor perform the same show, usually with the yoke thé puppets able to mimic and sometimes out-perform their human counterparts.
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Wikipedia:
Bogyoke Aung San (Burmese: ဗိုလ်ချုပ် အောင်ဆန်း; MLCTS: aung hcan:, pronounced [àʊɰ̃ sʰáɰ̃]; 13 February 1915 – 19 July 1947) was a Burmese politician, independence activist and revolutionary. Aung San is the founder of the Myanmar Armed Forces, and is considered the Father of the Nation of modern-day Myanmar. He was instrumental in Burma's independence from British rule, but was assassinated just six months before his goal was realized.
Devoted to ending British rule in Burma, Aung San founded or was closely associated with many Burmese political groups and movements and explored various schools of political thought throughout his life. He was a life-long anti-imperialist and studied communism and socialism as a student, and Japanese Pan-Asianism upon joining the Japanese military. In his first year of university he was elected to the executive committee of the Rangoon University Students' Union and served as the editor of its newspaper. He joined the Thakin Society in 1938, working as its general secretary, and founded both the Communist Party of Burma and the Burma Socialist Party.
Shortly before the outbreak of World War II, Aung San fled Burma to solicit support from Chinese communists but was recruited by Suzuki Keiji, a Japanese army intelligence officer stationed in Thailand, who promised support. Aung San recruited a small core of Burmese revolutionaries later known as the Thirty Comrades and left for Japan. During the Japanese occupation of Burma, he served as the minister of war in the Japan-backed State of Burma led by Dr. Ba Maw. As the tide turned against Japan, he switched sides and merged his forces with the Allies to fight against the Japanese. After World War II, he negotiated Burmese independence from Britain in the Aung San-Atlee agreement. He served as the 5th Premier of the British Crown Colony of Burma from 1946 to 1947. He led his party, the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League, to victory in the 1947 Burmese general election, but he and most of his cabinet were assassinated shortly before the country became independent.
Aung San's daughter, Aung San Suu Kyi, is a stateswoman and politician. She was Burma's State Counsellor and its 20th (and first female) Minister of Foreign Affairs in Win Myint's Cabinet until the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état.